Molecular Biological Studies on Germination and Development of Bacterial Spores.

Germination of single bacterial spores.

Changes in refractility and optical density occurring in individual spores of Bacillus cereus T and B. megaterium QM B1551 during germination were investigated by use of a Zeiss microscope photometer. The curves revealed that the germination process in single spores had two distinct phases; an initial rapid phase was followed by a second slower phase. Under the experimental condition employed, ...

Calcium Release and Germination of Bacterial Spores

During germination and subsequent outgrowth of bacterial spores a number of well documented physical and biochemical changes occur (Gould & Dring, 1972). A wide variety of chemical and physical stimuli will initiate these changes, including potential metabolites such as amino acids, sugars and purine ribosides, non-nutrients such as EDTA and surfactants and physical treatments such as hydrostat...

Biochemical studies of bacterial sporulation and germination. XXII. Energy metabolism in early stages of germination of Bacillus megaterium spores.

Dormant spores of Bacillus megaferium contain DPN+, TPN+, and FAD at levels comparable to those in log phase vegetative cells, but little or no reduced pyridine nucleotides are present. The levels of free nucleotides, the most abundant of which are the adenine nucleotides, are also similar in spores and cells. In cells, however, 80% of the adenine nucleotide pool is ATP, whereas in spores it is...

Synthetic peptidoglycan motifs for germination of bacterial spores.

effect of oral presentation on development of l2 learners grammar

this experimental study has been conducted to test the effect of oral presentation on the development of l2 learners grammar. but this oral presentation is not merely a deductive instruction of grammatical points, in this presentation two hypotheses of krashen (input and low filter hypotheses), stevicks viewpoints on grammar explanation and correction and widdowsons opinion on limited use of l1...